Friday, November 07, 2008

Science Lesson Plan

Primary Level(s): 5



Subject: Science



Topic: Sound 



Subtopic: Sounds Around Us

 

OVERVIEW: 

The lesson of sounds around us would enable students to understand how various sounds around us are made and how we can actually hear sounds.

OBJECTIVES:

Pupils will be able to: 



1. Explore and investigate the sounds which is common around us.

2. Describe how sound is made and how it is possible for us to hear sound.

3. Distinguish between the various sounds that we can hear. 




RESOURCES/MATERIALS:

- 15 sounds obtained from the Internet and played on the computer.

- A long plastic ruler.

- Tuning fork.

- Pictures of objects and animals.

ACTIVITIES AND PROCEDURES: -

Set Induction

The teacher would play various sounds on the computer downloaded from various Internet resources. The pupils will sit quietly and listen to the sounds. The teacher would then ask the pupils to identify the sounds. Each sound would be played twice and if no pupils manage to identify the sound the teacher would then tell them what the sound is.

There would be 15 sounds, which are:

1.   Cow sound

2.   Car horn

3.   Airplane

4.   Phone ring

5.   Helicopter

6.   Alarm clock

7.   Frog

8.   Horse

9.   Lion

10. Rain

11. Kettle boiling

12. Bicycle bell

13. Thunder

14. Sea waves

15. Elephant

First Activity

The teacher would demonstrate to the pupils how sound is made. Sound is made by vibrations of airwaves and to illustrate this to the pupils the teacher would conduct a demonstration involving a plastic ruler. The plastic ruler would be placed on top of a table.

One half of the ruler would be on top of the table while the other half would be over the edge of the table. When the teacher pushes down on the side of the ruler, which is over the edge of the table, the ruler would move up and down. The teacher would explain to the pupils that the ruler vibrates. The pupils will see and hear that when the ruler vibrates a sound is made. The teacher would select a few pupils to try and vibrate the ruler to make a sound.

Second Activity

For the second demonstration of how sound is made we will make use of a tuning fork. The teacher would hit the tuning fork against an object such as a rubber stopper to make the tuning fork vibrate. When the tuning fork vibrates we hear a sound.

The teacher would then relate this demonstration with the first activity where the ruler vibrates to make a sound. These two activities reinforce the pupils’ knowledge of sound being made by vibrations. Although the teacher needs to point out that even though vibrations make sound, different object would produce different sounds. In this demonstration the pupils would also be given the chance to hit the tuning fork to make a sound.

Third Activity

In this activity the teacher would use the interactive whiteboard. The pupils would match pictures of the objects and animals to the corresponding sounds. The pupils would drag the object or animal to the correct sound.

Forth Activity

The teacher would instruct the pupils to touch their throats and sing. They should be able to feel their throat vibrate when they sing. The teacher would explain briefly that it is their vocal chords that vibrates and produces the different sounds.

Lesson Content:

After doing the activities, the teacher would then explain to the pupils that sound is made through the vibration of the air around it. The teacher would explain to the pupils that the four activities done by them was used to demonstrate vibrations causes sound. When the pupils have understood this concept the teacher would then continue to explain to the pupils how the sound is actually heard by us.

We hear sound due to the fact that air vibrates. These vibrations are carried through the air and to our ears. Further explanation for this is that the vibration causes our eardrums to vibrate which in turn transmits the sound signals to our brains and we then identify it as a sound. It is necessary to extend the explanations in order for the pupils to better understand how sound is heard by us.

Independent Practice: -

Class Work:

The teacher would tell the pupils to write on the whiteboard one object each that makes a sound that they are familiar with. Each pupil would contribute one object until all of the pupils have given their answer.

Home Work:

As homework the teacher would tell the pupils to name 5 sounds of objects that they can think of. The teacher would then ask the pupils to write down according to their own words and understanding what sound is, how it is made and how we can hear sound.

Closure:

To conclude the lesson, the teacher would spend some time to recap the lesson, how sound is made and how we can hear sound. Question random pupils asking them questions like, “How is sound made?”, “If an object doesn’t vibrate would it make a sound?”, “If we close our ears would we be able to hear sound?” and more. This is to better reinforce their knowledge of the lesson taught.

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